William kennish



w KENNISH ROTARY HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

N0. 28,282.- Patented'May 15, 1860';

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM KENNISH,-OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

HYDRAULIC MOTOR.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 28,282, dated May 15, 1860.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM KENNISH, of London, Middlesex county, England, now residing in Richmond, Henrico county, Virginia, have invented a new and useful Rotary Hydraulic Motor; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which Figure 1, is a central vertical section of the machine when used with a stationary central tube or hollow shaft. Fig. 2, is a horizontal cross section of the same. Fig. 3, is a plan of cam-plate, and Fig. 4, a central vertical section of the machine when used without a stationary central tube or hollow shaft.

Similar letters of reference, in each of the several figures, indicate corresponding parts.

The nature of my invention consists in a diaphragmed snail or other suitably shaped piston which has an opening in its face and another one in its back, in combination with a diaphragmed hollow shaft which has corresponding openings with those of the piston, so that a continuous supply and exhaust of the water may be effected and thus the full efiective force or pressure of the water secured.

My invention enables me to construct a highly efficient and compact rotary hydraulic motor which can easily be transported from one place to another.

To enable others, skilled in the art, to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A, is a stationary circular box, which may be provided with suitable flanges to fasten it in any desired place, by means of screw bolts.

A tube I, fits in a hole in the center of the top of the box A, while the lower end of the tube has its bearing in the bottom of the box, as seen in Fig. 1. The tube thus held in a vertical position, is free to revolve in its bearings in the top and bottom of box A.

A snail shaped piston C, is fastened to the tube I, the distance of the most eccentric point 0, of the snail, from the center of the box A, being equal to the radius of the latter. The snail is divided in two parts, by

a horizontal partition X. The upper part contains an opening a, b, c, d, in the front of the piston corresponding to the outer shape of the snail, while the lower one has a flaring opening Z, m, 0, n, in the back of the snail part of the piston. The upper opening (which is also marked with the letter E) corresponds with an opening F, in the tube I, and the lower opening (marked E, in Fig. 1) corresponds with an opening F, in tube I.

A hollow central shaft D, passes through the tube I, so that the latter and the piston C, with it, can turn about the shaft while it remains stationary, or shaft D, and tube I, may be keyed together, so as to turn together. This hollow shaft contains a hori zontal diaphragm H, dividing the hollow space in its center into two, the upper one communicating with the opening E, of the snail, by means of hole G, and the lower one with opening E, of the snail, by means of hole G.

The inside of the box A, is furnished with two recesses, diametrically opposed to each other into which gates B, B, fit. These gates are pivoted at one end and (by a mechanism hereafter to be described) they are swung on their pivots so as to alternately close and open the space between the inside circumference of the box A, and the piston C. This mechanism consists of a crank J, attached to each of the pivots of the gates, the crank-pins fitting into a camg'roove in the under surface of a disk L, keyed to tube I.

As the disk L, revolves together with the.

tube I, the cam groove operates the cranks J, in such a manner as to keep one gate open while the other one is shut, as seen in Fig. 2.

The water which is intended to drive the machine, enters through the upper part of the hollow central shaft D, and passes through the opening G, F, into the snail shaped aperture in the piston, and thus in1- parts to the piston a rotary motion in' the direction of arrow 4, Fig. 2. As the gate B, in front of the piston is shut (as seen in Fig. 2) the water can nowhere escape in front of the piston, and therefore its whole force is spent in moving around the piston. By the time the end 0, of the snail has passed the gate B, the latter (gate B) is shut and the gate B, is gradually being opened by the action of the cam groove above described, and the water which has acted upon the piston during the passage from B, to B, is now free to flow off through opening E, in the back of the snail, and through apertures F, G, and the hollow space in the center of shaft D, below the diaphragm H, as indicated by arrows 3, in Fig. 1. Thus it will be seen, the whole force of the water is made useful towardinb pelling the piston, while the water which has spent its force is free to flow 01f without impeding the motion of the piston in any way. 7

The whole device is so simple in its construction, that it can easily be transported from one place to another and applied to any of the water pipes usual in our cities, or to any other water ower.

Fig. 4, shows a modi cation of the'device. The central hollow shaft D, is here dispensed with and the tube I, is provided with a diaphragm H, in place of the one H, as

shown in Fig. 1. The operation of this device is the same as that ofthe other.

The upper surface of disk L, may be provided with cogs, for the purpose of driving machinery to be connected with it by means ofv proper gearing.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

A diaphragmed snail or other suitably shaped piston C, which has an openingin its facea,nd another one in its backin combination, with a diaphragmed hollow shaft D, which has corresponding openings with those of the piston, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

WILLIAM KENNISH.

Witnesses Goonwm Y. ATLEE, R. W. FENWICK. 

